Osteoradionecrosis is a potential complication after radiation therapy to the jaw.

• A. False
• B. Not a known complication
• C. Only with chemotherapy
• D. True

Answer: (D)

Osteoradionecrosis occurs because radiation damages the bone’s blood vessels and cells, lowering blood supply and the bone’s ability to heal. This makes the jawbone susceptible to necrosis, especially after trauma or dental procedures like extractions. The mandible is particularly at risk due to its relatively poorer blood supply and higher susceptibility to injury, and the risk rises with higher radiation doses. Importantly, this condition can develop from radiation alone and does not require chemotherapy. So the statement is true. The other options—saying it’s false, not a known complication, or only occurs with chemotherapy—don’t fit because osteoradionecrosis is a recognized complication after jaw radiotherapy and is not limited to scenarios involving chemotherapy.